UNI_Python/ha_04/loosen_janniclas_1540907_05.py

# Author: Jan-Niclas Loosen
# Matrikelnummer: 1540907
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


# EXERCISE 1
class Rational:
    numerator = 0
    divisor = 1

    def __str__(self):
        return "%d/%d" % (self.numerator, self.divisor)

    def __init__(self, a=0, b=1):
        if isinstance(a, Rational):
            self.numerator = a.numerator
            self.divisor = a.divisor
            self.shorten()
        elif isinstance(a, int) and isinstance(b, int):
            if b == 0:
                print("Divisor cannot be zero!")
                exit(1)
            if b < 0:
                b = -b
                a = -a
            self.numerator = a
            self.divisor = b
            self.shorten()
        else:
            print("Numerator and divisor must be integer.")
            exit(1)

    def gcd(self, a, b):
        while b != 0:
            (a, b) = (b, a % b)
        return a

    def lcm(self, a, b):
        return abs(a * b) // self.gcd(a, b)

    def lcd(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, Rational):
            other = Rational(other)
        return self.lcm(self.divisor, other.divisor)

    def shorten(self):
        d = self.gcd(self.numerator, self.divisor)
        self.numerator = self.numerator // d
        self.divisor = self.divisor // d

    # addition
    def __add__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, Rational):
            other = Rational(other)

        lcm = self.lcm(self.divisor, other.divisor)

        fac1 = lcm // self.divisor
        fac2 = lcm // other.divisor

        new_divisor = lcm
        new_nominator = self.numerator * fac1 + other.numerator * fac2
        return Rational(new_nominator, new_divisor)

    def __radd__(self, other):
        return self.__add__(other)

    # subtraction
    def __sub__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, Rational):
            other = Rational(other)
        divisor_lcm = self.lcm(self.divisor, other.divisor)
        new_nominator = (self.numerator * divisor_lcm / self.divisor) - (other.numerator * divisor_lcm / other.divisor)
        return Rational(int(new_nominator), int(divisor_lcm))

    def __rsub__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, Rational):
            other = Rational(other)
        divisor_lcm = self.lcm(self.divisor, other.divisor)
        new_nominator = (other.numerator * divisor_lcm / other.divisor) - (self.numerator * divisor_lcm / self.divisor)
        return Rational(int(new_nominator), int(divisor_lcm))

    # multiplication
    def __mul__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, Rational):
            return Rational(self.numerator * other.numerator, self.divisor * other.divisor)
        else:
            return Rational(self.numerator * other, self.divisor)

    def __rmul__(self, other):
        return self.__mul__(other)

    # division
    def __truediv__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, Rational):
            other = Rational(other)
        new_numerator = self.numerator * other.divisor
        new_divisor = self.divisor * other.numerator
        return Rational(new_numerator, new_divisor)

    def __rtruediv__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, Rational):
            other = Rational(other)
        new_numerator = self.divisor * other.numerator
        new_divisor = self.numerator * other.divisor
        return Rational(new_numerator, new_divisor)

    def __lt__(self, other):
        divisor_lcm = self.lcd(other)
        return (self.numerator * divisor_lcm / self.divisor) < (other.numerator * divisor_lcm / other.divisor)

    def __gt__(self, other):
        divisor_lcm = self.lcd(other)
        return (self.numerator * divisor_lcm / self.divisor) > (other.numerator * divisor_lcm / other.divisor)

    def __le__(self, other):
        divisor_lcm = self.lcd(other)
        return (self.numerator * divisor_lcm / self.divisor) <= (other.numerator * divisor_lcm / other.divisor)

    def __ge__(self, other):
        divisor_lcm = self.lcd(other)
        return (self.numerator * divisor_lcm / self.divisor) >= (other.numerator * divisor_lcm / other.divisor)

    def __eq__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, Rational):
            other = Rational(other)
        # all constructed Rationals are already shortened
        return self.divisor == other.divisor and self.numerator == other.numerator

    def __ne__(self, other):
        return not self.__eq__(other)


# EXERCISE 2
def heron(a, x, run):
    for i in range(run):
        x = x - (x ** 2 - a) / (2 * x)
    return x


# Generate x values
x_values = [x for x in range(10)]

# Calculate the difference between heron and sqrt functions
a = 2
b = 1.9
x0 = 1.5

y_values_a = [abs(heron(a, x0, run) - np.sqrt(a)) for run in x_values]
y_values_b = [abs(heron(b, x0, run) - np.sqrt(b)) for run in x_values]

# Plot the difference
plt.plot(x_values, y_values_a, label='a = 2, x0 = 1.5', color="blue")
plt.plot(x_values, y_values_b, label='b = 0.5, x0 = 1.5', color="red")

# Add labels and a legend
plt.xlabel('Iterations')
plt.ylabel('Difference')
plt.legend()

# Show the plot
plt.show()